Nekukura kweAluminium mukati meiyo Instating Fibraation Indasitiri, uye kugamuchirwa kwayo seyakanakisa kusimbisirwa kwekushandisa kwakawanda, pane zvinodiwa nekuwedzera kune avo vanobatanidzwa nekukura zvirongwa zvealumini kuti vajaira neboka iri rezvishandiso izvi. Kuti unzwisise zvizere Aluminium, zvinokurudzirwa kutanga nekuziva iyo aluminium chiratidzo / dhizaini system, iyo yakawanda aluminium alloys inowanikwa uye maitiro avo.

Iyo Aluminium Alloy Hasha uye Designation System- kuNorth America, iyo Aluminium Association Inc. ine mutoro wekugoverwa uye kunyoreswa kweAluminium alloys. Parizvino pane anopfuura 400 yakagadzirwa aluminium uye yakagadzirwa Aluminium Alloys uye pamusoro pe200 aluminium Alloys muchimiro chokukanda uye ingots dzakanyoreswa neAluminium Association. Iyo Alloy Chemical Composition miganhu yeaya ese eaya akanyoreswa Alloys ari muAluminium Association'sTeal BookyakanyorwaPink BhukuYakanzi "Dziviriro uye Chemical Composition miganhu yeAluminium Alloys mune castings uye ingaboji inokudziridza mainjimu, uye kana kufungwa neKemistry uye kushamwaridzana uye kushamwaridzana nekupaza kwekunzwa.

Aluminium Alloys inogona kuunganidzwa muhuwandu hwemapoka akavakirwa pane zvimwe zvezvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa zvakadai sekugona kwayo kupindura neyekupindirana uye chirongwa chekutanga chakapetwa chinowedzerwa kune iyo aluminium Alloy. Patinofunga nezvehuwandu hwekuverenga / chitupa chinoshandiswa kune aluminium Alloys, maitiro ari pamusoro anozivikanwa. Iyo yakagadzirwa uye yakakandwa aluminiums ine masisitimu akasiyana ekuzivikanwa. Iyo Yakagadzirwa System ndeye 4-manhamba system uye iyo castings ine matatu-manhamba uye 1-decimal nzvimbo system.

Akagadzira Alloy Designation System- Isu tichatanga kufunga nezve mana-manhamba akagadzirwa aluminium Alloy Kuzivikanwa system. Iyo yekutanga manhamba (XXXX) Inoratidza Chinyorwa Chekuita Alation

Iyo yechipiri nhamba (xXxx), kana zvakasiyana kubva pa0, inoratidza shanduko yeiyo chaiyo Alloy, uye yechitatu uye yechina manhamba (xxXX) Nhamba dzinopokana dzinopihwa kuti uzive rwiyo rwakatarwa mune dzakateerana. Muenzaniso: MuAlloy 5183, nhamba yechishanu inoratidza kuti ndezve magnesium Alloy Series, iyo 1 inoratidza kuti ndiyo 1^stKugadziridzwa kune iyo yekutanga Alloy 5083, uye iyo 83 inoizivisa iyo mune 5XXX Series.

Iyo chete inosarudzika kune iyi huwandu hwehuwandu hwehurongwa hwakaenzana(50)(99.50% shoma aluminium).

Wakagadzirwa Aluminium Alloy Dhizaina System

Tafura 1

Kanda Alloy Designation- Iyo yakakwenenzverwa Alloy Dhizaini yakavakirwa pane matatu manhamba-pamwe neChinyorwa Designation Xxx.X (IE 356.0). Iyo yekutanga manhamba (Xxx.x) inoratidza iyo Present Allation Element, iyo yakawedzerwa kune iyo Aluminium Alloy (ona Tafura 2).

Kanda Aluminium Alloy Dhizaini System

Tafura 2

Yechipiri uye yechitatu manhamba (xXX.X) nhamba dzinopokana dzinopihwa kuti uzive rwiyo rwakatarwa mune zvakatevedzana. Nhamba inotevera iyo decimal point inoratidza kana iyo Alloy iri yekukanda (.0) kana ingot (.1 kana. Iyo capital capital prefix inoratidza kuchinjika kune yakatarwa alloy.
Muenzaniso: Alloy - A356.0 Capital A (Axxx.x) inoratidza kugadziridzwa kwe alloy 356.0. Nhamba 3 (a3xx.x) inoratidza kuti ndeye yeSilicon Plus Copper uye / kana Magnesium Series. Iyo 56 in (ax56.0) inozivisa iyo Alloy mukati me3xx.x series, uye iyo .0 (Axxx.0) Inoratidza kuti iyo yekupedzisira chimiro chinokanda uye kwete ingot.

Iyo Aluminium Temper Designation System -Kana isu tichifunga nezvezvakatevedzana veAluminium Alloys, tichaona kuti kune misiyano yakakura mukuita kwavo uye nemhedzisiro yekushandisa. Pfungwa yekutanga yekuziva, mushure mekunzwisisa iyo nzira yekuzivikanwa, ndeyekuti kune maviri akasiyana akasiyana marudzi ealuminium mukati menhevedzeri akataura pamusoro apa. Aya ndiwo mabhureki anorapwa Aluminium Alloys (avo vanogona kuwana simba kuburikidza nekuwedzera kwekupisa) uye vasiri-kupisa vanokara aluminium aloum Alloys. Uku kusiyanisa kunonyanya kukosha kana uchifunga nezve zvinobata neArC tular pane aya marudzi maviri ezvishandiso.

Iyo 1xxx, 3xxx, uye 5xxx Series yakagadzirwa Aluminium Alloys ndeye isiri-yekupisa inobata uye ine hushamwari akaomarara chete. The 2xxx, 6xxx, uye 7xxx Series yakagadzirwa Aluminium ALOMY AIVA ZVINOGONESESA uye iyo 4XXX Series ine ese ekupisa anobata uye asiri ekupisa zvinoputika. Iyo 2xxxx, 3xxx.x, 4xx.x.x uye 7x.xxxix cast alloys ari kupisa. Kuomarara kwekunetseka hakuwanzo kunyorwa kuKuruswa.

Kupisa kurapwa kwakapusa kunowana yavo yekukwana manhamba kuburikidza nemaitiro ekurapa kurapwa, zvinowanzoitika zvekupedza kurapwa kwekupfura kupisa uye kuchema kwekunyepedzera. Solution Heat kurapwa ndiyo nzira yekudziya iyo alloy kune yakakwirira tembiricha (yakatenderedza 990 deg Izvi zvinoteverwa nekudzokorora, kazhinji mumvura, kugadzira mhinduro yakashongedzwa pamhepo tembiricha. Kugadziriswa Kupisa Kurapa kunowanzoteverwa nekukwegura. Kukwegura ndiko kutsvaira kwechikamu chezvinhu kana makomputa kubva kumhinduro inoshatirisa kuitira kuti iite zvivakwa zvinodikanwa.

Iyo isiri iyo yekupisa inobata mauto anowana yavo yekuziva mechanum zvivakwa kuburikidza neTrain kuomesa. Kuomarara kuomarara ndiyo nzira yekuwedzera simba kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwekutonhora kushanda.t6, 6063-T4, 505-H32, 5083-H112.

Izvo zvakakosha zvekutsamwa

Tafura 3

Kupfuurirazve kune zvakakosha zvehasha

Zvidimbu zveH Chikwata - Strain Yakaomeswa

Iyo yekutanga manhamba mushure mekunge iyo iyo iyo iyo inoratidza kushanda kwekutanga:
H1- Strain yakaomeswa chete.
H2- Strain yakaomeswa uye yakavanzika.
H3- Strain yakaomeswa uye yakasimbiswa.
H4- Strain yakaomeswa uye yakarukwa kana kupendwa.

Iyo yechipiri manhamba mushure mekunge iyo iyo iyo inoratidza iyo degree rehuni kuomesa:
HX2- Quarter Hard HX4- Hafu Hard HX6- matatu-makota zvakaoma
HX8- yakazara hard hx9- Zvakawedzera zvakaoma

Zvidimbu zve t thry - kurapwa

T1- Natural neyakakura mushure mekutonhora kubva kune yakakwirira tembiricha yekuvandudza maitiro, sekuparadzaniswa.
T2-Kutonhora kwakashanda mushure mekutonhora kubva kune yakakwirira tembiricha yekuvhara maitiro uye saka nechisikigo vakwegura.
T3- Kugadzirisa kupisa-kurapwa, kutonhora kwakashanda uye zvakasikwa vakwegura.
T4- Kugadzirisa kupisa-kurapwa uye zvakasikwa zvakakura.
T5- Achida yakachekwa mushure mekutonhora kubva kune yakakwirira tembiricha yekuvhara maitiro.
T6- Kugadziriswa kupisa-kurapwa uye kwakarongeka kuchembera.
T7- Kugadziriswa kupisa-kurapwa uye kusimbiswa (zvakanyudzwa).
T8- Kugadzirisa kupisa-kurapwa, kutonhora kwakashanda uye kwakaringana.
T9- Mhinduro yekupisa yakarapwa, yakarongeka yakwegura uye inotonhora yakashanda.
T10-Kutonhora kwakashanda mushure mekutonhorodha kubva kune yakakwirira tembiricha yekuvhara maitiro uyezve zvakakura zvekuchera.

Manhamba ekuwedzera anoratidza kushamwaridzana.
Mienzaniso:
TX51kana txx51- kushushikana kwakasunungurwa nekutambanudza.
TX52kana txx52- kushushikana kwakasunungurwa nekumanikidza.

Aluminium Alloys uye hunhu hwavo- Kana isu tichifunga nezvematare manomwe ekufamba-famba aAluminium aloys, isu tinokoshesa misiyano yavo uye tinzwisise zvikumbiro zvavo uye maitiro.

1xxx Series Alloys- Ivo vanotsvedza. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekunetseka kwavo kwekunyungudika, vanobvunza zvimwe zvekufunga kuti vabudise maitiro anogamuchirwa. Kana ichifungidzirwa kuti gadzira, alloys aya anosarudzwa zvakanyanya kune yavo yepamusoro pokurwisa matangi emakemikirwo emakemikirwo emakemikari uye kuputika kwemagetsi. Aya mahedheni ane zvakaringana zvekushandisa zvivakwa uye zvaisazowanzo kutariswa kune yakajairika mamiriro ekugadzirisa. Aya madhiri anowanzove anowanzobatanidzwa nekufananidza zvinhu zvechiremba kana ne 4xxx filler alloys inoenderana nekushandisa uye kuita zvinodiwa pakuita.

2XXX Series Alloys- Ivo vane simba rakanakisa pamusoro pehuremu hwakawanda hwekupisa. Mamwe emadhadha aya anoonekwa asina-mauto neARC tilding maitiro nekuda kwekushamisika kwavo kwekupisa kupaza uye kushamisika crosing; Nekudaro, vamwe vane arc vakanyatsobudirira nekubudirira kwemaitiro maitiro. Izvi zvigadzirwa zveBase zvinowanzove neSimba Rakakwira 2XXX Series Filer Alloys dzakagadzirirwa kufananidza kuita kwavo,

3xxx Series Alloys- Imwe yeashandisirwo avo ekutanga aive mapoto uye mapani, uye ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru nhasi kune hutsinye kutsinhana mumotokari uye zvidyarwa zvine simba. Simba ravo rine mwero, zvisinei, kazhinji dzinodzivisa kufunga kwavo kwezvinhu zvekushanda. Aya madhiri ezvipenga anounganidzwa ne 1xxx uye 5XXX Series Filler alloys, anotsamira pane yavo chaiyo kemikari uye kunyanya application uye basa rebasa.

4xxx Series Alloys- Silishon, kana yakawedzerwa kuAluminium, inoderedza iyo yekunyungudika pfungwa uye inovandudza iyo fluidity kana yakanyungudutswa. Aya maitiro anodikanwa kune zvigadzirwa zveFiler anoshandiswa kune ese fiussion tulating uye nekuvhundutsa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyi nhevedzano yemadhiroti inowanzo kuwanikwa seyakajeka. Silishon, akazvimirira muAluminium, haisiri-kupisa kurapwa; Nekudaro, nhamba yakati wandei idzi silishon yakagadzirirwa kuve nekuwedzera kweMagnesium kana mhangura, inovapa nekugona kupindura kwekupedza kupisa kurapwa. Kazhinji, aya ekupisa anobata aller alloys anoshandiswa chete kana chikamu chakarukwa chichifanira kuiswa pasi pekutumirwa kweWeldremal kurapwa.

5XXX Series Alloys- Uye zvakare, iyi mhezi inokonzerwa nerechichenetsu, uye nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi zvavanoshandiswa kune akasiyana-siyana ekushandisa zvakadai sekufambisa, zvekufambisa, midziyo yekudzvinyirira, mabhiriji uye zvivakwa. Iyo Magnesium Base Alloys inowanzobatanidzwa neiyo filer alloys, iyo inosarudzwa mushure mekufunga nezveMagnesium zvirimo zvezvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa, uye zvinoshandiswa uye zvemamiriro ezvinhu ezvikamu zvezvikamu zvakavanzika. Alloys mune ino dzakateedzana ne30% Magnesium haina kukwidziridzwa sevhisi yekupisa pamusoro 150 deg Base Alloys ine isingasviki 2,5% Magnesium inowanzotarisirwa zvinobudirira ne5xxx kana 4xxx Series fill aloler. Iyo Base Alloy 5052 inowanzozivikanwa seyekupedzisira maGuesium zvirimo Base Alloy iyo inogona kuvezwa neye 4xxx series fill aloy. Nekuda kwezvinetso zvakabatana neEutectic LELTING LELTING SEATECATIC DZIVA, HAUDZWE ZVESE ZVAKAITWA ZVAKAWANDA ZVAKAWANDA, ZVINOTAURA ZVAKAWANDA NEMAHARA Iyo yepamusoro Magnesium Base zvinhu zvinongobatanidzwa ne5xxx filler alloys, iyo inowanzoenderana neyekuumbwa kweiyo lexy.

6XXX Series Alloys- Kuwedzera kweMagnesium uye silicon kuenda kuAluminium kunoburitsa nzvimbo yeMagnesium-silicide, iyo inopa izvi zvinhu kugona kwayo kuve mhinduro kupisa kwesimba rakavandudzwa. Aya mahedheni ari echisikigo akasimbisa kupaza anoterera, uye nekuda kweichi chikonzero, ivo havafanirwe kunge vari arc vakacherekedza autogenyly (vasina zvinyorwa zvechisimba). Kuwedzera kwezvinhu zvakaringana zvezvakaringana zvemukati munguva yeARC tilding inokosha kuitira kuti upe kudzikisira kwezvinhu zvibodzwa, nekudaro kudzivirira dambudziko rinopisa. Ivo vanobatwa pamwe neese-4xxx uye 5xxx filler zvinhu, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa uye zvebasa zvinodikanwa.

7XXX Series Alloys- Aya madhiri anowanzo shandiswa mune yakakwirira mashandisirwo ekuita senge ndege, aerospace, uye kukwikwidza kwemitambo yemitambo. Kufanana neye 2xxx nhevedzano yemavara, idzi dzakateedzana dzinobatanidza Alloys dzinoonekwa dzisina kukodzera kukwikwidza kweArC Tulting, uye vamwe, izvo zvinowanzoitika arc zvakabudirira. Anowanzove akajairwa alloys mune dzino dzakateedzana, vakadai se7005, vanonyanya kuzivikanwa ne5xxx Series fill alolys.

Pfupiso- Nhasi aluminium alloys, pamwe chete neyekudziya kwavo kwakasiyana siyana, kuenderana nehuwandu hwepamhepo uye dzakasiyana siyana dzekugadzira zvigadzirwa. Kune Optimum Chigadzirwa Dhizaini uye Kubudirira Welding Budiriro yekuvandudza, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise mutsauko uripo pakati pezvakawanda zvekudya zviripo uye kuita kwavo kwakasiyana siyana uye nehunhu hwemauto. Kana uchikudziridza arc tilding maitiro eaya allollys akasiyana, kufunga kunofanirwa kupihwa kune iyo chaiyo alloy ichirwiswa. Zvinowanzotaurwa kuti Arc Welding yealuminium haina kuoma, "zvakangosiyana". Ndinotenda kuti chikamu chakakosha chekunzwisisa izvi kusiyana ndiko kujairana nevanodiwa vakasiyana-siyana, hunhu hwavo, uye hurongwa hwavo hwekuzivikanwa.