Vatsvagiri veDhipatimendi reMagetsi reUS (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory vane nhoroondo refu yekuwanikwa kwekutanga mumunda wemabhatiri e-lithium-ion. Mazhinji emhedzisiro iyi ndeye bhatiri cathode, inonzi NMC, nickel manganese uye cobalt oxide. Bhatiri rine cathode iyi rava kupa simba Chevrolet Bolt.
Vatsvagiri veArgonne vakawana imwe budiriro muNMC cathodes. Chimiro chitsva chechikwata checathode chinogona kuita kuti bhatiri riwedzere kusimba uye kuchengeteka, rikwanise kushanda nepamusoro-soro uye kupa mafambiro akareba.
"Iye zvino tava negwaro rinogona kushandiswa nevagadziri vemabhatiri kugadzira zvinhu zvakakwirira-kudzvanywa, zvisina muganho," Khalil Amin, Argonne Fellow Emeritus.
"Makathodhi eNMC aripo anopa chipingamupinyi chikuru chekushanda kwemagetsi," akadaro mubatsiri wekemesitiri Guiliang Xu. Nekuchaja-kubvisa bhasikoro, kushanda kunodonha nekukurumidza nekuda kwekuumbwa kwezvimedu muzvikamu zvecathode. Kwemakumi emakore, vaongorori vebhatiri vanga vachitsvaga nzira dzekugadzirisa makatsemuka aya.
Imwe nzira kare yaishandisa tunhu tudiki diki twakaumbwa netwunhu tudiki twakawanda. Mahombe spherical particles ari polycrystalline, ane crystalline madomasi ezvakasiyana siyana. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vane izvo masayendisiti anodana miganhu yezviyo pakati pezvimedu, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti bhatiri riparare panguva yekutenderera. Kuti udzivise izvi, Xu nevamwe vaArgonne vakambenge vagadzira yekudzivirira yepolymer coating yakatenderedza chidimbu chimwe nechimwe. Uku kupfekedza kunotenderedza twunhu hombe twutete uye twudiki mukati mawo.
Imwe nzira yekudzivisa rudzi urwu rwekuputika ndeyekushandisa imwe crystal particles. Electron microscopy yezvikamu izvi zvakaratidza kuti hazvina miganhu.
Dambudziko rechikwata nderekuti macathodes akagadzirwa kubva kune akafukidzwa polycrystals uye imwechete makristasi achiri kuputika panguva yebhasikoro. Naizvozvo, vakaita ongororo yakadzama yezvinhu izvi zvecathode paAdvanced Photon Source (APS) uye Center for Nanomaterials (CNM) kuUS Department of Energy's Argonne Science Center.
Ongororo dzakasiyana-siyana dzeX-ray dzakaitwa pamaoko mashanu eAPS (11-BM, 20-BM, 2-ID-D, 11-ID-C uye 34-ID-E). Zvinoitika kuti izvo masayendisiti aifunga kuti kristaro imwe chete, sezvakaratidzwa ne electron uye X-ray microscopy, chaizvoizvo yakanga ine muganhu mukati. Kuongorora uye kutapurirana electron microscopy yeCNMs yakasimbisa mhedziso iyi.
"Patakatarisa chimiro chepamusoro chezvimedu izvi, zvaitaridzika sekristaro imwe chete," akadaro nyanzvi yefizikisi Wenjun Liu. “<“但是，当我們在APS 使用一种称為同步加速器X 射线衍射显微镜的技术和其他技术时时。 � <“但是 , 当 在 使用 使用种 称為 同步 加速器 x 射线 显微镜的 技术 和 其他 时处"Zvisinei, patakashandisa nzira inonzi synchrotron X-ray diffraction microscopy nedzimwe nzira paAPS, takaona kuti miganhu yakavanzwa mukati."
Zvakakosha, boka rakagadzira nzira yekugadzira makristasi asina miganhu. Kuedza masero maduku ne-single-crystal cathode pamagetsi akakwirira zvikuru kwakaratidza kuwedzera kwe25% mukuchengetedza kwesimba pavhoriyamu yevhoriyamu pasina kurasikirwa mukushanda pamusoro pe100 test cycles. Kusiyana neizvi, NMC cathodes inoumbwa ne-multi-interface single crystals kana coated polycrystals yakaratidza kudonha kwehuwandu hwe60% kusvika 88% pamusoro pehupenyu humwe chete.
Atomic scale calculations inoratidza mashandiro ecathode capacitance reduction. Maererano naMaria Chang, nanoscientist paCNM, miganhu inogona kurasikirwa neatomu eokisijeni kana bhatiri rachajwa kupfuura nzvimbo dziri kure navo. Uku kurasikirwa kweokisijeni kunotungamirira mukuderedzwa kwesero.
"Kuverenga kwedu kunoratidza kuti muganhu wacho ungaita sei kuti okisijeni isunungurwe pakumanikidzwa kukuru, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira pakuderedza kushanda," akadaro Chan.
Kubvisa muganhu kunodzivirira kushanduka kweokisijeni, nokudaro kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa uye kugadzikana kwe cyclic ye cathode. Oxygen evolution kuyerwa neAPS uye sosi yemwenje yepamusoro kuUS Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory inosimbisa mhedziso iyi.
"Iye zvino tine nhungamiro iyo vagadziri vemabhatiri vanogona kushandisa kugadzira zvinhu zvecathode zvisina miganhu uye kushanda zvakanyanya," akadaro Khalil Amin, Argonne Fellow Emeritus. â�<“该指南应适用于NMC 以外的其他正极材料。” â�<“该指南应适用于NMC 以外的其他正极材料。”"Nhungamiro dzinofanirwa kushanda kune zvinhu zvecathode kunze kweNMC."
Chinyorwa pamusoro pechidzidzo ichi chakabuda mujenari Nature Energy. Kuwedzera kuna Xu, Amin, Liu naChang, vanyori veArgonne ndiXiang Liu, Venkata Surya Chaitanya Kolluru, Chen Zhao, Xinwei Zhou, Yuzi Liu, Liang Ying, Amin Daali, Yang Ren, Wenqian Xu , Junjing Deng, Inhui Hwang, Chengjun Zuva, Tao Zhou, Ming Du, uye Zonghai Chen. Masayendisiti kubva kuLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Wanli Yang, Qingtian Li, uye Zengqing Zhuo), Xiamen University (Jing-Jing Fan, Ling Huang uye Shi-Gang Sun) uye Tsinghua University (Dongsheng Ren, Xuning Feng uye Mingao Ouyang).
Nezve Argonne Center yeNanomaterials The Center for Nanomaterials, imwe yevashanu US Dhipatimendi reMagetsi nanotechnology yekutsvagisa nzvimbo, ndiyo yekutanga nyika mushandisi institution ye interdisciplinary nanoscale research inotsigirwa neUS Department of Energy's Office of Science. Pamwe chete, maNSRCs anoumba sutu yezvivakwa zvinowirirana izvo zvinopa vaongorori ruzivo rwechizvino-zvino rwekugadzira, kugadzirisa, kuratidza, uye kuenzanisira nanoscale zvinhu uye inomiririra hombe yekudyara kwezvivakwa pasi peNational Nanotechnology Initiative. Iyo NSRC iri kuUS Department of Energy National Laboratories muArgonne, Brookhaven, Lawrence Berkeley, Oak Ridge, Sandia, uye Los Alamos. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve NSRC DOE, shanya https://science.osti.gov/Us​-FaacIlitIe S/Us er-Fac i ie s-at-a-Glance.
Dhipatimendi reUS reEnergy's Advanced Photon Source (APS) kuArgonne National Laboratory ndeimwe yeanonyanya kugadzira X-ray masosi pasi rose. APS inopa yakakwira-yakanyanya X-rays kunharaunda yekutsvagisa kwakasiyana-siyana mune zvekushandisa sainzi, chemistry, yakapfupikiswa nyaya fizikisi, hupenyu uye sainzi yezvakatipoteredza, uye tsvakiridzo yekushandisa. Aya maX-rays akanakira kudzidza zvinhu uye zvimiro zvebiological, kugovera zvinhu, makemikari, magineti uye zvemagetsi nyika, uye akakosha einjiniya masisitimu emarudzi ese, kubva kumabhatiri kusvika kumajekiseni emafuta, ayo akakosha kuhupfumi hwenyika, tekinoroji. . uye muviri Nheyo yehutano. Gore rega rega, vanopfuura zviuru zvishanu vaongorori vanoshandisa APS kutsikisa zvinopfuura zviuru zviviri zvinyorwa zvinotsanangura zvakakosha zvakawanikwa uye kugadzirisa zvakakosha zvimiro zveprotein yebhayoloji kupfuura vashandisi veimwe nzvimbo yekutsvagisa yeX-ray. APS masayendisiti uye mainjiniya vari kuita tekinoroji inova hwaro hwekuvandudza mashandiro eanomhanyisa uye magetsi masosi. Izvi zvinosanganisira michina yekupinza iyo inoburitsa yakanyanya kupenya maX-ray anokosheswa nevaongorori, lenzi dzinotarisa X-ray kusvika kune mashoma nanometers, zviridzwa zvinowedzera mabatiro anoita maX-ray nesample iri pakudzidza, uye kuunganidzwa uye manejimendi ezvakawanikwa neAPS. Tsvagiridzo inogadzira yakakura data mavhoriyamu.
Chidzidzo ichi chakashandisa zviwanikwa kubva kuAdvanced Photon Source, Dhipatimendi reUS reMagetsi Hofisi yeScience User Center inoshandiswa neArgonne National Laboratory yeUS Department of Energy Office of Science pasi pekondirakiti nhamba DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Iyo Argonne National Laboratory inoyedza kugadzirisa matambudziko arikumanikidza emumba sainzi uye tekinoroji. Seyekutanga marabhoritari yenyika muUnited States, Argonne inoita yekucheka-kumucheto kwekutanga uye inoshandisa tsvagiridzo mune ingangoita yese chirango chesainzi. Vatsvagiri veArgonne vanoshanda padhuze nevaongorori kubva kumazana emakambani, mayunivhesiti, uye mubatanidzwa, nyika, uye masevhisi masangano kuti avabatsire kugadzirisa matambudziko chaiwo, kusimudzira hutungamiriri hwesainzi hweUS, uye kugadzirira nyika ramangwana riri nani. Argonne inoshandisa vashandi vanobva kunyika dzinopfuura makumi matanhatu uye inoshandiswa neUChicago Argonne, LLC yeUS Department of Energy's Office of Science.
Hofisi yeSainzi yeDhipatimendi reMagetsi reUS ndiye mutsigiri mukuru wenyika wekutsvagisa kwesainzi yesainzi, achishanda kugadzirisa dzimwe dzenyaya dzinonetsa dzenguva yedu. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanya https://energy.gov/science​ience.