Nhau - Nickel Yakachena Mukutengeserana

Fomura yeMakemikari

Misoro Yakafukidzwa

Kumashure

Zvakachena zvekutengeserana kananickel yesimbi yakadererainowana kushandiswa kwayo kukuru mukugadzirisa makemikari uye zvemagetsi.

Kuramba Kuora

Nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwenickel chaiyo, kunyanya kumakemikari akasiyana-siyana anoderedza kupisa uye kunyanya ku caustic alkalis, nickel inoshandiswa kuchengetedza mhando yechigadzirwa mumakemikari akawanda, kunyanya kugadzirwa kwechikafu uye kugadzirwa kwefiber yakagadzirwa.

Zvinhu zveNickel Yakachena Mukutengeserana

Zvichienzaniswa nenickel alloysNickel inoshandiswa pakugadzira waya dzemagetsi, zvikamu zvebhatiri, thyratrons uye maelectrodes anopenya.

Nickel ine simba rakanaka rekupisa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inogona kushandiswa pakuchinjana kupisa munzvimbo dzine ngura.

Tafura 1. Hunhu hweNickel 200, giredhi rekutengesa rakachena (99.6% Ni).

Pfuma	Kukosha
Simba reKusimba rakasungirirwa pa20°C	450MPa
Kushushikana kweUchapupu hwe0.2% hwakanyungudutswa pa20°C	150MPa
Kureba (%)	47
Kuwanda kwevanhu	8.89g/cm3
Nzvimbo Yekunyunguduka	1435-1446°C
Kupisa Kwakasiyana	456 J/kg. °C
Kupisa kweCurie	360°C
Kubvumidzwa kwehukama	Kutanga	110
	Zvakanakisa	600
Inoshanda Pamwe Chete Kana Yakawedzerwa (20-100°C)	13.3×10-6m/m.°C
Kufambisa kwekupisa	70W/m.°C
Kuramba kweMagetsi	0.096 × 10-6ohm.m

Kugadzirwa kweNickel

Yakanamirwanikeliine kuomarara kushoma uye kugona kuchinjika zvakanaka. Nickel, kufanana negoridhe, sirivha nemhangura, ine simba shoma rekushanda nesimba, kureva kuti haiwanzo kuomarara kana yakakombama kana kukanganisika sezvinoita dzimwe simbi dzakawanda. Hunhu uhwu, pamwe chete nekugona kuchinjika zvakanaka, zvinoita kuti simbi ive nyore kugadzira zvinhu zvakapedzwa.

Nickel muChromium Plating

Nickel inowanzoshandiswawo sechishongo chepasi pepurasitiki mukushongedza chromium. Chigadzirwa chisina kugadzirwa, senge brass kana zinc casting kana sheet steel pressing chinotanga chakafukidzwa nejira renikeliukobvu hwayo hunosvika 20µm. Izvi zvinoita kuti isapararire ngura. Chidimbu chekupedzisira i'flash' yakatetepa (1-2µm) yechromium kuti iite ruvara uye irambe ichidzivirira kusviba izvo zvinowanzoonekwa sezvinodiwa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yakafukidzwa. Chromium yega ingave iine kudzivirira kusviba kusingagamuchirwi nekuda kwehunhu hwe chromium electroplate hunowanzo pinda.

Tafura yeZvivako

Zvinhu	Nickel - Zvimiro, Kugadzirwa uye Mashandisirwo eNickel Yakachena Mubhizinesi
Kuumbwa:	>99% Ni kana kuti zviri nani

Pfuma	Kukosha Kushoma (SI)	Kukosha Kwakanyanya (SI)	Zvikamu (SI)	Kukosha Kushoma (Imp.)	Kukosha Kwakanyanya (Imp.)	Zvikamu (Zvishandiso)
Vhoriyamu yeAtomu (avhareji)	0.0065	0.0067	m3/kmol	396.654	408.859	mu3/kmol
Kuwanda kwevanhu	8.83	8.95	Mg/m3	551.239	558.731	lb/ft3
Simba Rakawanda	230	690	MJ/kg	24917.9	74753.7	kcal/lb
Modulus yeBulk	162	200	GPa	23.4961	29.0075	106 psi
Simba Rinodzvinyirira	70	935	MPa	10.1526	135.61	ksi
Ductility	0.02	0.6		0.02	0.6
Muganhu weElastic	70	935	MPa	10.1526	135.61	ksi
Muganhu wekutsungirira	135	500	MPa	19.5801	72.5188	ksi
Kusimba Kwekutyoka	100	150	MPa.m1/2	91.0047	136.507	ksi.in1/2
Kuoma	800	3000	MPa	116.03	435.113	ksi
Chiyero chekurasikirwa	0.0002	0.0032		0.0002	0.0032
Modulus yeKuputika	70	935	MPa	10.1526	135.61	ksi
Chiyero chaPoisson	0.305	0.315		0.305	0.315
Shear Modulus	72	86	GPa	10.4427	12.4732	106 psi
Simba reKusimba	345	1000	MPa	50.038	145.038	ksi
Modulus yeYoung	190	220	GPa	27.5572	31.9083	106 psi
Kupisa kwegirazi			K			°F
Kupisa Kwakavanzika kweFusion	280	310	kJ/kg	120.378	133.275	BTU/lb
Tembiricha Yepamusoro Yebasa	510	640	K	458.33	692.33	°F
Nzvimbo Yokunyunguduka	1708	1739	K	2614.73	2670.53	°F
Tembiricha Yebasa Rishoma	0	0	K	-459.67	-459.67	°F
Kupisa Kwakasiyana	452	460	J/kg.K	0.349784	0.355975	BTU/lb.F
Kufambisa kwekupisa	67	91	W/mK	125.426	170.355	BTU.ft/h.ft2.F
Kuwedzera kwekupisa	12	13.5	10-6/K	21.6	24.3	10-6/°F
Kugona Kuparara			MV/m			V/mil
Dielectric Constant
Kuramba	8	10	10-8 ohm.m	8	10	10-8 ohm.m

Zvivakwa Zvezvakatipoteredza
Zvinhu Zvinodzivisa	1=Zvakashata 5=Zvakanaka kwazvo
Kupisa	5
Mvura Yakachena	5
Zvinonyungudutsa zveOrganic	5
Kuoxidation pa500C	5
Mvura yeGungwa	5
Asidhi Yakasimba	4
MaAlkali Akasimba	5
UV	5
Pfeka	4
Asidhi Isina Simba	5
MaAlkali Asina Simba	5

Chitubu: Zvakatorwa kubva muBhuku reZvishandiso zveUinjiniya, Chinyorwa chechishanu.

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvenzvimbo iyi ndapota shanyiraiSangano reUinjiniya hweZvinhu muAustralia.

Nickel iri muchimiro chesimbi kana kuti yakasanganiswa nedzimwe simbi nezvimwe zvinhu yakapa mipiro mikuru munharaunda yedu yanhasi uye inovimbisa kuramba ichipa zvinhu zvekushandisa mune ramangwana rinoda simba. Nickel yagara iri simbi yakakosha kumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana nekuda kwekuti isimbi inoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana iyo inogona kubatanidzwa nedzimwe simbi dzakawanda.

Nickel chinhu chinoshanduka-shanduka uye chinogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nesimbi zhinji. Nickel alloys imhando yesimbi ine nickel sechinhu chikuru. Kunyungudika kwakasimba kuripo pakati penickel nemhangura. Kunyungudika kwakakura pakati pesimbi, chromium, uye nickel kunoita kuti pave nekusanganiswa kwemhando dzakawanda dzesimbi. Kushanduka kwayo kwakanyanya, pamwe chete nekudzivirira kwayo kupisa uye ngura, kwakaita kuti ishandiswe mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemashandisirwo; zvakaita sematurbine egasi endege, maturbine emhepo mumafekitori emagetsi uye kushandiswa kwayo zvakanyanya mumisika yesimba nenyukireya.

Mashandisirwo uye Hunhu hweNickel Alloys

Nickel uye nickel alloysanoshandiswa pamhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemashandisirwo, mazhinji acho anosanganisira kuramba ngura uye/kana kuramba kupisa. Zvimwe zvacho zvinosanganisira:

Maturbine egasi endege
Zvivako zvemagetsi zveturbine yemhepo inopfungaira
Zvikumbiro zvekurapa
Masisitimu esimba renyukireya
Maindasitiri emakemikari nemafuta
Kupisa uye Kuramba zvikamu
Zvidziviriri uye Zvishandiso zvekutaurirana
Mapulagi eSpark eMotokari
Zvinoshandiswa pakuwedera
Tambo dzeMagetsi

Zvimwe zvakawandakushandiswa kwe nickel alloyszvinosanganisira hunhu hwakasiyana hwezvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro zve nickel-based kana high-nickel alloys. Izvi zvinosanganisira: