Kanthal AF alloy 837 resistohm alchrome Y fecral alloy

Kanthal AF isimbi yeferritic iron-chromium-aluminium alloy (FeCrAl alloy) inoshandiswa pakupisa kusvika 1300°C (2370°F). Isimbi iyi inodzivirira oxidation zvakanaka uye yakasimba muchimiro, zvichikonzera kugara kwenguva refu kwechinhu ichi.

Kan-thal AF inowanzo shandiswa muzvinhu zvinodziya zvemagetsi mumaovheni emaindasitiri nemidziyo yemumba.

Mienzaniso yekushandiswa muindasitiri yemidziyo ndeyezvinhu zvakavhurika zve mica zvematoaster, ma hair dryer, zvinhu zvakapetana zvema fan heater uye sezvinhu zvakavhurika zve coil pa fibre insulating material muma ceramic glass top heaters ari munzvimbo dzakasiyana, muma ceramic heaters ekubikira ndiro, ma coils pa molded ceramic fiber ekubikisa ndiro dzine ceramic hobs, muma suspended coil elements e fan heaters, muma suspended straight wire elements e radiators, convection heaters, muma porcupine elements e hot air guns, ma radiators, tumble dryers.

Pfupiso Muchidzidzo chino, nzira yekuora kweFeCrAl alloy (Kanthal AF) yekutengeserana panguva yekunamira mugesi yenitrogen (4.6) pa900 °C uye 1200 °C yakatsanangurwa. Miedzo yeIsothermal nethermo-cyclic ine nguva dzakasiyana dzekuonekwa, mwero wekupisa, uye tembiricha yekunamira yakaitwa. Kuyedzwa kweOxidation mumhepo negesi yenitrogen kwakaitwa nekuongorora kwethermogravimetric. Microstructure yacho inoratidzwa nekuongorora electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), uye focused ion beam (FIB-EDX). Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti kufambira mberi kwekuora kunoitika kuburikidza nekuumbwa kwenzvimbo dziri pasi pevhu dze nitridation, dzakaumbwa neAlN phase particles, izvo zvinoderedza activity yealuminium uye zvinokonzera embrittlement uye spallation. Maitiro ekuumbwa kweAl-nitride uye kukura kweAl-oxide scale zvinoenderana nekupisa kwekunamira uye mwero wekupisa. Zvakaonekwa kuti nitridation yeFeCrAl alloy inokurumidza kupfuura oxidation panguva yekunamirwa mugasi renitrogen rine oxygen shoma uye ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kuora kwealloy.

Nhanganyaya FeCrAl - alloys based (Kanthal AF ®) dzinozivikanwa zvikuru nekuda kwekudzivirira kwayo kwakanyanya oxidation pakupisa kwakakwira. Hunhu uhwu hwakanaka hune chekuita nekuumbwa kwe thermodynamically stable alumina scale pamusoro, iyo inodzivirira zvinhu kubva kune oxidation yakawedzerwa [1]. Pasinei nehukuru hwekudzivirira ngura, hupenyu hwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa kubva kuFeCrAl - alloys based inogona kuganhurirwa kana zvikamu zvikawanzoonekwa ne thermal cycling pakupisa kwakakwira [2]. Chimwe chezvikonzero zveizvi ndechekuti scale forming element, aluminium, inodyiwa mu alloy matrix munzvimbo yepasi nekuda kwe thermo-shock cracking yakadzokororwa uye reforming ye alumina scale. Kana huwandu hwealuminum hwasara hukadzikira pasi pe critical concentration, alloy haichakwanise kugadzirisa protective scale, zvichikonzera catastrophic breakaway oxidation nekuumbwa kwe iron-based uye chromium-based oxides inokura nekukurumidza [3,4]. Zvichienderana nemhepo yakapoteredza uye permeability ye surface oxides izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuwedzera internal oxidation kana nitridation uye kuumbwa kwe undesired phases munzvimbo yepasi pasi [5]. Han naYoung vakaratidza kuti muchikamu chealumina chinoumba maNi Cr Al alloys, patani yakaoma ye oxidation yemukati uye nitridation inokura [6,7] panguva ye thermal cycling pakupisa kwakakwira mumhepo, kunyanya mu alloys dzine ma nitride formers akasimba akadai seAl naTi [4]. Ma chromium oxide scales anozivikanwa kuti anopindika nenitrogen, uye Cr2 N inoumbwa se sub-scale layer kana se internal precipitate [8,9]. Mhedzisiro iyi inogona kutarisirwa kuva yakanyanya pasi pemamiriro e thermal cycling ayo anotungamira ku oxide scale cracking uye kuderedza kushanda kwayo sechipingamupinyi ku nitrogen [6]. Maitiro ekuora anotongwa nemakwikwi ari pakati pe oxidation, izvo zvinotungamira ku protective alumina formation/maintenance, uye nitrogen ingress zvichitungamira ku internal nitridation ye alloy matrix nekuumbwa kweAlN phase [6,10], izvo zvinotungamira ku spallation yenzvimbo iyoyo nekuda kwekuwedzera kwakanyanya kweAlN phase zvichienzaniswa ne alloy matrix [9]. Kana zvikaiswa muFeCrAl alloys pakupisa kwakanyanya mumhepo ine oxygen kana vamwe vanopa okisijeni vakaita seH2O kana CO2, oxidation ndiyo inotonga, uye alumina scale inoumbwa, iyo isingapindi okisijeni kana nitrogen pakupisa kwakakwira uye inopa dziviriro kubva pakupindira kwayo mu alloy matrix. Asi, kana ikaiswa mumhepo inodzikisa (N2+H2), uye inodzivirira alumina scale crack, oxidation yemunzvimbo inotanga nekuumbwa kwe non-protective Cr and Ferich oxides, izvo zvinopa nzira yakanaka yekupararira kwenitrogen mu ferritic matrix uye kuumbwa kweAlN phase [9]. Mhepo yekudzivirira (4.6) nitrogen inowanzo shandiswa mukushandiswa kwemaindasitiri kweFeCrAl alloys. Semuenzaniso, ma resistance heaters mumaoven ekurapa kupisa ane protective nitrogen atmosphere muenzaniso wekushandiswa kwakapararira kweFeCrAl alloys munzvimbo yakadaro. Vanyori vanotaura kuti oxidation rate yeFeCrAlY alloys inononoka zvakanyanya kana ichiiswa mumhepo ine low oxygen partial pressures [11]. Chinangwa chechidzidzo ichi chaive chekuona kana kunyungudutsa mu (99.996%) nitrogen (4.6) gasi (Messer® spec. cleansing level O2 + H2O < 10 ppm) kuchikanganisa corrosion resistance yeFeCrAl alloy (Kanthal AF) uye kuti zvinoenderana nekupisa kwe annealing, shanduko yayo (thermal-cycling), uye mwero wekupisa.